Amateka y’u Rwanda, yaba meza cyangwa mabi, ni
amateka yacu kandi tugomba kuyemera gutyo kuko ntacyo twayahinduraho. Uruhare rwacu n’ inshingano zacu, ni
ukuyatamiriza tukayabyaza uburumbuke.
I. Iriburiro
1. Amavu n’amavuko ya FDU
Igihe twashingaga FDU-Inkingi, twari duturutse mu mitwe ya politiki
itandukanye. Amashyaka FRD na ADR yari agizwe ahanini n’abantu bahoze mu
mashyaka atavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwa MRND n’ubutegetsi buriho bw’Inkotanyi.
RDR yo yari igizwe ahanini n’abahoze ari abayoboke ba MRND. N’ubwo
byigaragazaga ko hari ibidutanya ku ngengabitekerezo ya politiki, twese twari twimirije imbere guhuriza hamwe ingufu
kugirango tubashe guhangana n’ingoma y’igitugu y’Inkotanyi no kugirango twereke
abanyarwanda ko ubumwe bw’abatavugarumwe na FPR, iri ku butegetsi kuva muri
nyakanga 1994, ari cyo gisubizo cyo kuyisezerera burundu.
Mu
kuzirikana amahano yagwiririye igihugu cyacu, ni ukuvuga itsemba-bwoko
n’itsembatsemba, twari dushishikajwe no guhashya ubwironde n’ivangura aho byaba
biva hose, bityo tukubaka igihugu cyemera abana bacyo bose, igihugu
kitakirangwamo irondakoko cyangwa irondakarere.
Iyo dushubije amaso inyuma, biragaragara ko tutabashije kujora no kurebesha ijisho
ricengera ngo dutahure neza ibisigisigi by'ibyadutanyaga mbere yo guhunga
igihugu, ndetse n’impamvu zo gutsindwa kwa leta yahozeho mu rwego rwa politiki
na gisirikari, tutibagiwe n’imyifatire n’uruhare buri ruhande rwagize mu
itsemba-bwoko. Ibi byose ni byo ntandaro
z’amacakubiri mu rwego rwa politiki duhura nayo muri ibi bihe.
N’ubwo twavaga mu mashyaka
ya politiki yari afite ibyerekezo binyuranye, twiyumvishaga ko guhuriza hamwe
ingufu byari intambwe ikomeye yo kudufasha guhangana n’ingoma y’Inkotanyi.
Byaje kugaragara ko twibeshye.
2. Ni uwuhe musaruro twakuyemo ?
Ntitwabura kwishimira ko kuva twakorera hamwe muri 2006, FDU-Inkingi yabaye ku
isonga ry’ayandi mashyaka atavuga rumwe n’Inkotanyi. Mu bikorwa bigaragara
byajegeje ubutegetsi bw'Inkotanyi, twavuga nko kuba twarabashije kunyomoza
twerekana bidasubirwaho ko leta y’Inkotanyi ihora yigamba kuba yarahagaritse
itsemba-bwoko (jenoside), atari byo, ko ahubwo yahagaritse kandi igatsinda
intambara yari yarashoje.
Twashoboye kugaragariza amahanga ko Inkotanyi
zishoye mu bikorwa bihonyora
inyokomuntu, haba mu Rwanda cyangwa se muri Kongo (kinshassa). Twashyize
ahagaragara ibimenyetso simusiga bihamya ko Leta ya Kagame ari kirimbuzi kandi
ko yadanangiye urwinyangamburiro rwa politiki mu Rwanda, ibi byose bikajyana no
kwica no gufunga abanyapolitiki batavuga rumwe na leta kimwe n’abanyamakuru
bigenga, abarusimbutse bagafata inzira y’ubuhunzi.
Ku
bitaragenze neza, twavuga ko tutabashize kubyaza umusaruro ibidutandukanya haba
muri politiki cyangwa mu nkomoko zacu (ubwoko cyangwa akarere) ngo bitubere
ingabo y’ubusabane aho kutubera icyasha. N’ubwo twashyize hamwe, ntabwo
twashoboye kubaka ishyaka rimwe no gusangira ingengabitekerezo imwe. Ahubwo
twacitsemo ibice none magingo aya twabaye amashyaka abiri ya politiki
atandukanye haba ku byerekeye indangagaciro, ingengabitekerezo cyangwa se mu
rwego rw’ingamba n’imigambi. Ku gipande kimwe, hari abahoze muri FRD na ADR
n’abayoboke ku giti cyabo, ku rundi ruhande hakaba abahoze muri RDR n’abaje ku
giti cyabo.
3. Imyumvire itandukanye ku bantu bari mu
mpuzamashyaka imwe
Mu bibazo byabangamiye gukorera hamwe twifuzaga, harimo bibiri by’ingutu. Icya
mbere kirebana no guhashya ukwironda uko ariko kose, nyamara hari igipande
kimwe mu byashinze FDU-Inkingi gisanga icyo nta kibazo kirimo. Ahubwo usanga
cyimakaje ukwishyira hamwe kw’abahutu kibeshya ko ubwoko ubwabwo ari iturufu
yagira umusaruro. Ikibazo cya kabiri ni icyerekeye kwemera ko mu Rwanda habaye
itsemba-bwoko ryakorewe abatutsi. Iki gika ni cyo cyagombaga kuba intango
y’amahame-remezo ya FDU-Inkingi, ariko nta na rimwe twigeze dushobora kumvikana
ko aya mahano yabaye agomba mbere na mbere kubazwa leta yahozeho. Abahoze muri
RDR bakunze kugereka uyu musaraba ku bo bita abahezanguni, ariko ntibatobore
ngo bavuge abo ari bo, cyangwa bakabishyira kuri FPR-Inkotanyi yonyine kubera
ko shebuja ari we wagize uruhare mu kurasa indege yaguyemo Perezida
Habyarimana, kandi bikaba bizwi ko iraswa ry’iyo ndege ari yo nyirabayazana
n’imbarutso y’itsemba-bwoko mu Rwanda.
Twe uko tubibona, ni uko
inkubiri igamije gusezerera ingoma y’igitugu mu Rwanda yonyine idashobora kuba
gahunda imwe rukumbi ya politiki twahuriraho ngo duharanire amahoro nyayo
arambye mu gihugu. Tugomba cyane cyane kugira imyumvire imwe n’indangagaciro
zimwe kimwe n’ingamba zumvikanweho. Akaba ari yo mpamvu tudakeka ko kuba hari
abahora bavuza iya bahanda ngo opozisiyo nishyire hamwe, cyangwa ngo abahutu
nibashyire hamwe, atari byo bizagamburuza Inkotanyi.
II.
Ibiranga politiki yacu
1.
Twemera amahame ya revolisiyo sosiyali yo mu wa
1959
Revolisiyo yo muri
1959 ni ingingo ikomeye mu mateka y’Igihugu cyacu. Yahinduye bidasubirwaho
imyumvire n’imibereho y’Abanyarwanda, inabazanira uburenganzira bushyashya. Ku
Banyarwanda benshi, cyane cyane rubanda rugufi ahanini ruturuka mu moko yose,
rwari rwarakandamijwe rukanatsikamirwa, revolisiyo yaje ari amizero n’intambwe
ikomeye mu rwego rw’uburinganire n’ubureshye hagati y’Abanyarwanda. Bwabaye
ubwa mbere Abanyarwanda bishyize bakizana, bakareshya imbere y’amategeko,
bakigenga ku mutungo wabo bwite, ndetse n’andi mategeko agenga ikiremwamuntu
akaba yabagoboka, ibi byose kandi bigakorwa nta vangura ryaba irishingiye ku
nkomoko, ku bwoko cyangwa ku bukungahare.
N’ubwo zimwe mu nshingano za revolisiyo
abanyapolitiki batagira isoni bageze aho bakazipfobya bazisyonyora kugirango babone
uko bafata cyangwa bagundira ubutegetsi, ntibibuza ko revolisiyo yaje ari
nk’umucunguzi kandi ko rubanda iyibonamo. Ahubwo ibyo bigaragaza ko ubutegetsi
budatanzwe n’abaturage akenshi bukora ibibusanya n’abo buvuga ko bukorera
2.
Twemera kandi tukamagana itsemba-bwoko ryakorewe
abatutsi
Itsemba-bwoko ni ikimenyetso gihebuje cyo kutemera
ko n’undi ari umuntu, ko ashobora kuvutswa ubuzima igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.
Niyo mpamvu ba nyiri uko kwemera tutagomba kubarebera, ahubwo tugomba
kubamagana no kubahashya. Hagati ya Mata na Nyakanga 1994, abatutsi babaga mu
gihugu baratikijwe bazira ubwoko, ndetse habuze gato ngo bazime burundu bazira
gahunda twakwita iya rurangiza kuko
ingoma y’icyo gihe yari mu marembera yabafataga nk’abagomba kumara
urubanza. Aya mahano azakomeza azonge abanyarwanda haba mu mibereho rusange, mu
muco ndetse no mu rwego rwa politiki.
Tugomba rero guhora tuyibuka, tukayabwira abadukurikiye kugirango dukumire andi
makuba nk’aya ntazabeho ukundi.
Abakoze iri bara ni udutsiko tw’abahezanguni
bakomoka mu gisirikari no mu banyapolitiki bo ku ngoma yahirimye. Nibo batanze
amabwiriza kandi barishyira mu ngiro. Bagomba rero kubiryozwa kandi
bakanaryozwa ubwicanyi bakoreye abanyapolitiki bo mu mashyaka atavugaga rumwe
na Leta mu gihe cy’itsemba-bwoko. Abandi bagizi ba nabi bagomba kubiryozwa ni
Jenerali Paul Kagame n’abandi bakuru b’ingabo bafatanije gutegura ihanurwa
ry’indege ya Perezida Habyarimana. Iri hanurwa ry’indege rikaba ari imbarutso
yatumye habaho jenoside, amasezerano y’Arusha agahinduka impfabusa, ndetse
n’imirwano ikubura.
3.
Twemera kandi tukamagana ibyaha byibasiye
inyokomuntu
Mbere y’uko
itsemba-bwoko riba , ndetse no mu gihe ryari ririmo kuba, ahubwo na nyuma
y’aho, Inyeshyamba z’umutwe w’Inkotanyi zamariye ku icumu abaturage bo mu
turere zagenzuraga. Zimaze no gufata ubutegetsi muri Nyakanga 1994, zarakomeje
zirica karahava. Ntawakwibagirwa ihonyorwa ndetse n’itsembatsemba ryakozwe
n’Inkotanyi i Kibeho muri Mata 1995,
zititaye ko ingabo z’umuryango mpuzamahanga za Loni ( MINUAR) zabateraga
imboni. Ishyano ryaraguye muri 1996 ubwo Inkotanyi ziraraga mu mpunzi
z’Abanyarwanda bo mu bwoko bw’abahutu zari muri Kongo (Kinshassa) zikazitikiza,
zikabashinyagurira maze abazicitse zikabakurikirana ku bilometero birenga 2500
mu nzitane z’amashyamba y’icyo gihugu. Nyamara n’ubwo Loni yavuze ko ubwo
bwicanyi bushobora kwitwa itsemba-bwoko, ababukoze bakomeje kwidegembya
babyigamba.
Itsembatsemba naryo, kimwe n’itsemba-bwoko,
rishoboka iyo hari bamwe bumva ko ubuzima bw’abandi ari ubusa, ko bashobora
kububavutsa igihe cyose babishakiye. Ni ikimenyetso simusiga ko nta bumuntu
buba bukibaranga, ko ahubwo ubunyamaswa buba bwabatashyemo. Abazize ayo mahano
nabo tugomba kubazirikana, tugomba guhora tubibuka. Na none kandi, abakoze ayo
mahano ntitugomba kubabembereza, bagomba guhanwa by’intangarugero.
4.
Turwanya ubwironde n’ivangura
Irondakoko
n’irondakarere ni impamvu kaminuza zatumye habaho itsemba-bwoko no guhunga
kw’imbaga y’abanyarwanda byakurikiyeho. Ibi bibazo uko ari bibiri byateye
ibikomere bidateze gusibangana mu muryango nyarwanda. Nyuma y’imyaka
makumyabiri tugushije ishyano, birababaje kubona ko hakiri amwe mu mashyaka ya
politiki n’amashyirahamwe agihembera inzangano zishingiye ku moko zigamije guca
intege burundu abatutsi cyangwa abahutu bashaka kurenga ibibazo by’inkomoko.
Imbwirwaruhame zikangurira abahutu kwishyira hamwe, kimwe na za zindi
z’intagondwa zo mu nkotanyi zihamagarira abatutsi kwishyira hamwe, bene izo
mvugo zahawe intebe mu mashyaka amwe n’amwe. Iyo umuntu abisesenguye neza,
asanga bene izo mvugo zizanwa na babandi bahunga urugamba rw’ibitekerezo, akaba
ari nabo batajya bemera kujya impaka ku itsemba-bwoko n’ugutsindwa kwa leta,
kandi nyamara ibi byombi biri mu byatumye abantu bahunga. Bo ikibashishikaje ni ugukora ibishoboka
byose ku buryo bakomeza kugira igitsure ku mpunzi kugirango zikomeze
zibakurikire butama.
Kuvangura ntaho bitaniye n’irondakoko, kandi
kuronda akoko ntawe byigeze bihira. Akaba ari nayo mpamvu kurwana inkundura
kugirango ivangura iryo ariryo ryose ricike burundu ari intego yacu n’ibikorwa
bya politiki twimirije imbere.
Buri muntu agomba kuryozwa ibyo yakoze kandi
abayobozi b’igihugu bagomba gufata abaturage kimwe, nta kimenyane cyangwa
icyenewabo. Mu buhungiro, impunzi zigomba kwamagana zivuye inyuma ibikorwa bya
politiki cyangwa ibyo mu rwego rw’imbonezamubano bigamije munyangire kuko nta
musaruro bitanga.
5.
Twemera ko demokarasi “isaranganya” ari imwe mu
nzira u Rwanda rugomba gucamo mbere yo kugera kuri demokarasi isesuye
Kugirango ibyangombwa
byose biranga demokarasi isesuye bishobore kugerwaho, Abanyarwanda bagomba
kugenda batozwa buhoro buhoro kwigizayo ingeso mbi zo kwironda no guheza
abandi. Akaba ari nayo mpamvu demokarasi isaranganya ari inzira ntarengwa muri
icyo gihe cy’inzibacyuho.
Cyakora amaherezo yose u Rwanda rugomba kuzagera
aho buri wese yemera ko ari ngombwa ko habaho amatora ataziguye, aho ijwi rya
buri muntu ribarwa, kuko nta jwi rigomba gusumba irindi, kuko amajwi yose
agomba kungana. Ibi bivuga ko buri muntu wese wujuje imyaka yo gutora afite
ubwo burenganzira nyine, hatitaweho inkomoko, idini yaba yarayobotse cyangwa ubuvuke.
Cyakora tuzi ko ingoma y’igitugu y’Inkotanyi amahame ya demokarasi itayakozwa.
Impamvu itayakozwa ni uko ubutegetsi bwayo bushingiye ku ngengabitekerezo yo
kwishyira imbere, kubeshya no kwibonekeza, kimwe no kuri gahunda yo kwigwizaho
indonke haba muri politiki, mu bukungu, ndetse no mu rwego rw’imibereho muri
rusange. Kariya kazu kari ku butegetsi mu Rwanda kigize indatwa kandi nyamara
ntigashobora kuba karota kemera ko haba amatora adafifitse, kubera ko kadafite
ubushobozi bwo gukusanya amajwi y’abanyarwanda bose, uretse abakibonamo kubera
kubeshywa ko gusangira ubwoko bihagije.
Icyo kibazo cy’amatora ashingiye ku bwoko cyangwa ku karere ni inkomoko na none
ugisanga mu mashyaka ahanganye na Leta ya Kigali. Kubera ko abanyapolitiki
nk’abo baba baramunzwe n’irondakoko
n’irondakarere, ntibibashobokera kubyigobotora ngo babe batekereza indi
miyoborere ishingiye kuri gahunda rusange isangiwe n’abanyarwanda bose aho bava
bakagera.
Tuzi neza ko amakiriro y’u Rwanda ari uko habaho
amashyaka adakorera ubwoko cyangwa akarere, ahubwo arangwa no gusesekaza
demokarasi muri buri gace k’igihugu nta n’umwe uhejwe. Na none kandi turabizi
ko mu gihugu nk’icyacu cyabayemo itsemba-bwoko n’ubundi bwicanyi bwibasiye
inyokomuntu, turamutse twihutiye gushyiraho demokarasi isesuye, bishobora guha
bamwe icyuho cyo gufata ubutegetsi bagahita bisubirira mu irondakoko cyangwa
irondakarere bakongera bakimika politiki yo guheza. Ihurizo tugomba gukemura ni
ukumenya uko Leta igomba guhumuriza buri muntu kimwe na buri bwoko bakumva ko
ntawe uzongera kubarimbura kandi ko buri wese afite uburenganzira busesuye mu
gihugu cye.
Ni gute buri muntu wese, kimwe na ba nyamuke na ba
nyakamwe barokotse itsemba-bwoko, n’itsembatsemba bagira umutekano
n’uburenganzira ntanyeganyezwa ? Ni gute batakangarana igihe hagiyeho ingamba
za demokarasi isesuye. Ni ngombwa rwose ko, mu gihe cyagenwe, hashyirwaho inzego za politiki zisaranganya
kugirango ba nyamuke nabo batumva ko bahejwe mu micungire y’igihugu cyabo.
Byongeye kandi, mu Rwanda rw’ubu, kuyobora leta
byabaye gukusaniriza hamwe ububasha bwose mu by'umutekano n'ubusugire
bw’igihugu (kugira ubutegetsi), kugira ububasha ku mutungo wa Leta no kuwugaba
(kugira ubukungu), kimwe no kugira ububasha bwo kugena umusaruro mu bumenyi
n’umuco (kugena ubumenyi). Mu gihugu nk’icyacu aho Leta ariyo ahanini itanga
akazi, mu gihugu nk’uRwanda gicungira ku bukungu nkene, gutanga akazi, gutanga
amasoko no kugena amadovize biha ingufu z’ikirenga ishyaka riri ku butegetsi.
Bityo naryo rigakora uko rishoboye kugirango rigundire, politiki yo gusimburana
ku butegetsi ikaburiramo ityo. Haramutse humvikanweho uburyo bwo gusaranganya
ubutegetsi, gushyira mu buyobozi bwa leta amashyaka ubundi yagombye kujya muri
opozisiyo haramutse hakurikijwe uburyo bw’amatora ataziguye, nabyo ubwabyo ni
uburyo bwo kubungabunga ubusugire bwa politiki.
6.
Ubusabane mu Banyarwanda
Hejuru y’amahame yo
kwihanganirana, n’umubano mwiza hagati y’amoko n’uturerre, hagomba kwitabwaho
umubano mu bantu n’ubusabane hagati y’abanyarwanda. Buri munyarwanda agomba
kwibonamo mbere ya byose umuntu ureshya n’abandi, ufite uburenganzira ariko
ufite n’ibyo asabwa kandi ibyo byose akabikora nta vangura rimukoreweho, akaba
yakora umushinga uyu n’uyu nta nkomyi, ntawe umuvukije ukwishyira ukizana kwe
kubera ubwoko cyangwa akarere akomokamo.
Tugomba gushishikarira gukomeza guhangana no
kubungabunga ibikomere n'ibisigisigi
byasizwe n’itsemba-bwoko n’itsembatsemba. Ibikomere biracyari bibisi
kandi bizafata igihe kugirango byume, n'ubwo inkovu zizagumaho. Ku bitureba,
kubaka ubusabane mu banyarwanda bizasaba guca no gucengera inzira y’ubwiyunge.
Iyo nzira isaba ibi bikurikira :
1. Ku giti cya muntu, kwishyira mu mwanya w’abarokotse
no kugerageza kumva umubabaro wabo n’uw’ababo, kwaka imbabazi kubakoze ibyaha
no gutanga ihazabu, gushobora gutanga imbabazi kubazisabwe, ubwiyunge hagati
y’abarokotse abicanyi b’impande zombi bakoze ubwo bwicanyi bakurikiye buhumyi
abahezanguni bo mu bwoko bwabo babashoye mu nzango n’imyiryane.
2. Ku Banyarwanda mu buryo bwa rusange, ni ngombwa ko
habaho ubutabera, gushyiraho Inama y’ukuri n’ubwiyunge, nka ya yindi yagiyeho
muri Afurika y’epfo igihe basezereraga ingoma ya ba gashakabuhake, gushyiraho
ikigega cyo kugoboka abarokotse bose.
Kugirango ubusabane nyabwo bubashe kugerwaho,
inzira y’ubwiyunge yo ubwayo ntihagije; birasaba ko inzego za Leta,
abanyabukungu kimwe n’imiryango itabogamiye kuri Leta, buri wese mu nshingano
ze, ashyiraho ingamba kandi agakora ibikorwa biherekeza kandi bishimangira
umubano mu bantu mu mizi yawo yose, haba ku byerekeye umutekano, kubahiriza
ikiremwamuntu, uburinganire no kureshya, kutavangura, kudahezwa ku mutungo
rusange, mu mashuri, mu kazi, mu muryango nyarwanda no mu bijyanye no gutsura
umuco wo gusimburana ku butegetsi nta guhutaza.
III. Ikigamijwe, icyerekezo, indangagaciro n’intego
1. Ikigamijwe n’icyerekezo
a. Guteza imbere umuryango nyarwanda ku buryo
abaturage bose, binyuze mu nzego z’ubutegetsi zikomeye zashyizweho ku buryo bwa
demokarasi, zumvikanyweho, buri wese yazigizemo uruhare, zigamije ubwiyunge no
kuzuzanya ku bariho ubu ndetse n’abazavuka, kandi abaturage bose, haba
buri muntu ku giti cye cyangwa muri rusange, bakamenya aho bagana kandi
ko ari bo bashinzwe ahazaza habo.
b. Kuba ishyaka rya politiki rishingiye kuri
demokarasi, rihuza abantu bose kandi rifite ubushobozi bwo kubaka ubumwe
bw’igihugu, gucunga neza ibya rubanda no kwitabira gahunda yo kwifatanya
n'ibihugu by’Afurika (intégration africaine).
2. Indangagaciro
a. Leta
igendera ku mategeko
Leta
igendera ku mategeko igaragazwa n’inzego za Leta zaba izigenga cyangwa se iza
sosiyete sivile zose zubahiriza
amategeko. Leta igendera ku mategeko
kandi irangwa n’ihame ryo gukurikiza amategeko, kurwanya akarengane,
gutandukanya inzego z’ubutegetsi, no
kuba hariho inzego z’ubutabera
zigenga. Leta
igendera ku mategeko irangwa nanone no kuba abantu bose bareshya imbere
y’amategeko. Nta muntu n’umwe ugomba kuba hejuru y’amategeko, kandi amategeko
yose akaba agomba gushingira ku mategeko ayasumbye.
Mu gihugu nk’u Rwanda kiyobowe n’ubutegetsi bw’igitugu aho usanga
ubutabera buri mu kwaha k’ubutegetsi nyubahirizategeko kandi bugakoreshwa
mu kwikiza abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, urugamba rwo guharanira kugira Leta
igendera ku mategeko nanone ni urugamba rwo kurwanya ubukandamizwe.
b. Uburenganzira bwo kubaho, kudahungabanywa ku mubiri no kugira umutekano
uhamye
Itsemba-bwoko n’ibyaha byibasiye inyoko-muntu
byagaragaje gupfobya bikabije ikiremwa muntu. Ni ngombwa gusaba buri wese,
duhereye ku nzego z’ubuyobozi, kubahiriza uburenganzira bwo kubaho bya muntu,
kudahohoterwa no kubahiriza umutekano wa buri wese, ni bwo buryo bwo kongera
gusana uburenganzira bwa muntu bwashegeshwe n’ibizazane n’amahano yagwiriye u
Rwanda, ni nabwo buryo bwo kongera guhamya ko umuntu ari umunyagitinyiro
n’indahungabanywa.
Mu gihugu abayobozi ba Leta bakoresheje ubutegetsi
n’ububasha bahawe bagategeka abantu kwica abandi, ni ngombwa ko
abanyagihugu cyangwa itsinda ry’abanyagihugu bazajya bagira uburenganzira
bwo kugira icyo bavuga ku bikorwa n’ubutegetsi hagamijwe gukumira gukoresha
nabi ubwo butegetsi kuko bishobora kugarura igihugu ma mahano cyanyuzemo.
c. Uburenganzira
bwo kwibuka
Itsemba-bwoko ryibasiye
abatutsi n’ibyaha byibasiye inyoko muntu byakozwe mu Rwanda no muri Kongo (
Kinshasa) byasize ibikomere bikomeye mu mitima y’abantu. Ni ubugome bukabije
guhakana cyangwa gupfobya amahano ndengakamere yakorewe abishwe, ababyeyi babo cyangwa abavandimwe bacitse ku icumu.
Aba bose baba abatutsi cyangwa abahutu
dukwiye kumenya ko bababaye kandi bakwiye guhabwa ubutabera, ndetse
n’ingurane ku byo bakorewe nubwo yaba ntoya bwose.
Kugira ngo
aya mahano yakorewe inyoko muntu atazasubira mu karere kacu,
twiyemeje gukora ibishoboka byose
duharanira twivuye inyuma uburenganzira bwo kubaho no guhora ducanye itara ryo
kwibuka abacu bose nta kwikunda.
d. Ukwishyira
ukizana n’ubwisanzure bya buri muntu
Ni ubushobozi n’uburenganzira
bwa muntu bwo gutinyuka kugaragaza impano afite yo guhanga, kubasha
kwikemurira ibibazo, no guha amerekezo meza ahazaza he, kumenya gufata ibyemezo
no kwirengera ibyo yaba yakoze byose. Ubwisanzure bwa buri muntu nibwo
musingi wa demokarasi ari nayo igenga byose, kuko iyo abantu
bareshya niho bagira uruhare mu gucunga umuryango barimo. Icyakora kubera
umuco wa politiki y’igitugu no kwikubira ubutegetsi byaranze igihugu
cyacu byatumye abantu baba ba nyamujya iyo bigiye, bemera kuba ba humiriza
nkuyobore (irivuze umwami) ishyaka ryacu ryemera uburenganzira bwo kurwanya
akarengane no kwamagana Leta, politiki cyangwa umutegetsi wabangamira
ikiremwamuntu n’ubwisanzure bw’umuturage mu byo afitiye uburenganzira.
e. Ubworoherane
n’ubwubahane
Kubahana bisaba buri wese
kwemera mugenzi we
nk’umuntu bareshya nubwo baba bafite ibibatanya. Itandukanyirizo
rishobora kuba rishingiye ku irangamimerere nk’inkomoko y’ubwoko cyangwa
akarere, rishobora kandi kuba rishingiye no ku mico, ku idini cyangwa
igitsina. Ubworoherane butuma umuntu
yemera ko uburenganzira bwa buri wese
burangirira aho ubw’undi butangirira. Kwemera undi ni ukurwanya uburyo bwose
bwo gukomeretsanya byibanda cyangwa se bishingiye ku dusigisigi tw’imico
cyangwa imibereho yabo. Kwemera undi ni ukugirana nawe imibanire irangwamo ubwubahane buhamye kandi bwiza kugirango mushobore kubana nta
rwikekwe.
f. Ubusabane
no gufatana urunana
Ubufatanye busaba kumva
ko buri gihe ibyiciro byose by’abaturage bikenerana, abakize n’abakennye,
imiryango, abariho n’abazavuka,ndetse n’abantu hagati yabo. Ubufatanye butuma
abantu bagira amahirwe angana mu mibereho yabo. Ntabwo tuvuka tunganya
imitungo, kandi mu buzima nabwo ntitugira amahirwe angana , niyo mpamvu ishyaka
ryacu riharanira ko abantu bagira amahirwe angana kandi umuntu akagira
uburenganzira ku buzima bwiza bushingiye ku kugira umutungo uhagije kandi
usaranganijwe neza.
g. Uruhare rw’abaturage mu butegetsi.
Kugirango
abaturage bagirire icyizere inzego z’ubutegetsi cyangwa babashe kuzibonamo
birasaba ko inzego zigenzura ibyo zibakorera. Ni ngombwa ko buri wese ku rwego
ariho amenya uburenganzira bwe n’inshingano ze. Kugira ngo bishoboke, Ishyaka
ryacu ryiyemeje kumenyekanisha no kwinjiza mu Itegeko Nshinga ububasha
bw’abaturage bwo gutangiza igitekerezo kandi bikaba uburenganzira bahabwa
n’Itegeko Nshinga. Ni ubushobozi abaturage baba bahawe bwo kugira uruhare
rutaziguye mu gukoresha ubutegetsi bubaturukaho hamwe n’Inteko Ishinga
Amategeko na Guverinoma.
h.
Ubumwe bw’Afurika
Umusingi w’ubumwe bw’Afurika urangwa n’icyubahiro
ku mwirabura cyangwa umuntu wese muri rusange, ubwigenge bw’abanyafurika, guca
burundu ivangura iryo ariryo ryose, kugira uburenganzira mbonezamubano bungana,
guteza imbere ubuzima buzira umuze n’ubumwe bw’Afurika.
Kugira ngo bagere kuri izi ndangagaciro,
abakurambere bacu baharaniye ubwigenge bw’Afurika bashakaga kuyibohora ingoyi
ya gikoloni, guca burundu ikandamizwa ry’ibihugu by’i Burayi, gukumira ibyo
gucamo ibihugu uduhugu twinshi tudafite imbaraga. Baharaniye ukwishyira hamwe
kuzuye kw’abanyafurika haba mu bya politiki cyangwa mu by’ubukungu hagamijwe
gutuma Leta zunze ubumwe z’Afurika zigira umwanya n’ijambo mu ruhando
rw’amahanga.
Mu Rwanda nk’igihugu cyabayemo itsemba-bwoko n’ibyaha byibasiye inyoko-muntu,
guhindura imitekerereze no gucyemura ibibazo by’uruhurirane mu mico n’amako mu
buryo bugari byaba inzira inoze yo kubibonera umuti.
i.
Amajyambere arambye
Ishyaka ryacu riha agaciro gakomeye ibirebana no
gucunga neza kandi mu buryo burambye umutungo karemano no kwita ku bidukikije
ndetse no gusana urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima rwangijwe n’ibikorwa bya muntu. Niyo
mpamvu bitewe no gukorera hamwe bigomba kuranga abariho ubu n’abazaza,
tunagomba gusigura ibizabatunga n’ibizababeshaho, icyemezo cyose cya politiki
kigomba gukorerwa igenzura hakamenyekana ingaruka kizagira mu gihe kigufi
n’igihe kirekire ku rusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, ku mutungo rusange, ahazaza
h’imbaga nyamuntu n’umuryango nyarwanda ku buryo bwihariye.
3. Intego z’ingenzi
a.
Gushyiraho ubutegetsi bushingiye kuri demokarasi n’ubwumvikane
Ubutegetsi duharanira ko bujyaho buzaba burangwa na
demokarasi y’abaturage bunze ubumwe aho ubwenegihugu buzaba bugaragara mu nzego
z’ubutegetsi no mu nzego zose z’ubuzima bw'igihugu, abaturage bakibona mu
bitekerezo basangiye byose byaba ibya politiki, iby’imibereho, iby’ubukungu,
umuco, ibidukikije aho kuba bishingiye ku irangamimerere yabo nk’ubwoko barimo,
isano mizi, idini cyangwa akarere. Duhereye ku masomo tuvana ku byabaye mu Rwanda,
inzego za Leta cyane cyane izishinzwe ubutegetsi n’umutekano w’abaturage
n’uw’igihugu zizubakwa ku buryo inzego z’ubuyobozi zizaba zihuriweho n’ibyiciro
byose by’abanyagihugu.
b.
Gushyiraho gahunda y’ibiganiro hagati y’abanyarwanda ntawe uhejwe.
Gukora ibishoboka byose hagashyirwaho ibikenewe
byose bya ngombwa ku buryo impande zose zifite aho zihuriye n’ibibazo byabaye
mu Rwanda zemera guhura hakaba ibiganiro byubaka hagati y’Abanyarwanda ntawe
uhejwe.
Ibyo
biganiro bizahuza abanyapolitiki n’abahagarariye imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta.
Muri ibyo biganiro hazafatirwamo ingamba zo gukumira, kwikingira no kwirinda
ibibi ku nzego zose : zaba iz’ubutegetsi, iz’imibereho myiza n’ubukungu, iza
politiki n’umuco. Ibyo biganiro bizabumbatira u Rwanda rushya ruzaba rwabaye
umuryango w’ubworoherane ushoboye gucunga iterambere risangiwe na bose kandi
rirambye mu mibereho myiza y’abaturage n’ubukungu.
Hazabanza kuganirwa ku bibazo bikomeye biri mu
gihugu, hakurikireho gutangiza ibikorwa bya politiki no gushyiraho amategeko
agamije gutuma abaturage bagira uruhare mu buyobozi bw’igihugu kandi agamije
gutuma igihugu kiba nyabagendwa ku bavukarwanda bose, icya nyuma kizaba
kumvikana ku ngingo shingiro zituma hashyirwaho inzego z’ubutegetsi zo kuyobora
Leta mu buryo burambye.
c. Guca burundu umuco wo kudahana no gushyiraho
inzego z’ubucamanza zitabogamye.
Ishyaka ryacu rya Politiki rizakora ibishoboka
byose kugira ngo hashyirweho ubutabera butabogamye, bwigenga, kandi butanga
indishyi. Niba ari ngombwa ko ubutabera ari ingenzi kugira ngo ubwiyunge
bugerweho, ubutabera butabogamye ntibugomba kuba igikoresho cyo kwikiza uwo
mutavuga rumwe muri politiki cyangwa ngo busumbanye abakorewe ibyaha, cyangwa
ngo bashyigikire icyiciro cy’abakoze ibyaha.
Tuzagenzura neza ko
inzego z’ubutabera zishakisha ukuri ku mahano yagwiriye u Rwanda, zigaragaza
uruhare rwa buri wese muri ayo mahano, zihana abakoze ibyaha koko ntawe
ukingiwe ikibaba kandi zigaha indishyi ababyeyi n’abavandimwe b’abazize ayo
mahano. Mu buzima bwa buri munsi, inzego z’ubutabera zizagomba gushingira ku
ihame ry’uko igihe umuntu atarahamwa n’icyaha aba ari umwere, ihame ry’uko
uburyozwacyaha ari gatozi no guca ibyo kwitirira icyaha itsinda ry’abantu
cyangwa ubwoko mu gihugu mu gihe cyakozwe n’abantu ku giti cyabo.
d.
Guca burundu ivangura no guha abaturarwanda amahirwe angana
Bizandikwa mu itegeko nshinga kandi hashyirweho
inzego z’ubutegetsi na gahunda zigamije gukumira no gukemura ibibazo bishingiye
ku ivangura iryo ari ryose hagati y’abaturage kandi zitanga icyizere mu bagize
umuryango nyarwanda bose.
Izi ngamba zizatuma buri muntu yumva afite
umutekano, kandi yigirire icyizere mu ruhare afite mu nzego z’ubutegetsi, mu
gukoresha ubureganzira bwe mu by’imbonezamubano na politiki no mu ruhare rwe mu
kubyaza agaciro umutungo w’igihugu no kuwusaranganya
e. Gucyura impunzi no kuzinjiza mu buzima
busanzwe
Tuzakora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo hashyirweho
uburyo bwo gucyura impunzi zose z’abanyarwanda nta vangura, hashyirwa imbere
gutaha ku bushake no kuzinjiza mu buzima busanzwe mu by’ubukungu, mu mibereho
myiza, politiki n’umuco by’igihugu. Twiyemeje gushyiraho inzego z’imiyoborere
n’ingamba za ngombwa zigamije guca ibitera ubuhunzi bw’abanyarwanda igihe cyose
habayeho ihinduka ry’ubutegetsi.
f.
Guha ireme umutungo w’igihugu
Tuzashyiraho ingamba zihamye zo gukoresha neza
umutungo w’igihugu ku buryo bwimbitse kandi hagaragazwe imishinga na gahunda
bihamye by’ibigomba gukorwa. Tuzafasha abaturage kongera umusaruro tunabatoze
gusangira neza ibyo igihugu gitunze. Buri wese azahabwa amahirwe angana
n’ay’abandi kuburyo bwo gutanga inguzanyo no gutoza buri wese kumenya
kwihangira umurimo no kwiteganyiriza. Ku buryo bw’umwihariko tuzashyira ingufu
mu buhinzi n’ubworozi kimwe no mu zindi nzego u Rwanda rufite ho umwihariko nko
mu bintu n’ahantu nyaburanga kugira ngo twongere amahirwe yo kurarika no
gushimisha ba mukerarugendo kimwe n’abashoramari. Ibi bizaherekezwa no kongera
ingufu mu ikoranabuhanga n’iterambere bigezweho nko muri mekanike, tekinologi
n’itumanaho. Umusaruro uvuye mu bikorwa bya rubanda uzacungwa neza kandi
usaranganywe kuburyo buri wese azahabwa uburenganzira bwe bwo kunyurwa n’ibyo
yiyuhiye akuya. Icyo gihe kandi u Rwanda ruzaboneraho uburyo bwo kwagura
amarembo ku masoko mpuzamahanga cyane cyane ayo mu karere k’Afurika
ruherereyemo.
g.
Kugira uruhare mu gucunga umutekano w’akarere no kwinjira mu muryango nyafurika
Igihugu nyafurika cyagerageza kwiha akato mu rugaga
rw’umuryango mugari w’abanyafurika nta mahirwe na mba gifite yo kurengera
inyungu za cyo. Muri Afurika nta gihugu
na kimwe cyatera inkokora ibindi ngo gishobore guhangana na byo mu
iterambere ry’iki gihe. Impirimbanyi zaharaniye ubwigenge bw’Afrika zari
zarasobanukiwe ko akamaro ko kwishyira hamwe ariyo nkingi mwikorezi ya politiki
n’iterambere bya buri gihugu ndetse n’iby’umugabane wose w’ Afurika. Mu kato nta
gihugu cy’Afurika cyabasha gusesengura no gushyira ho ingamba zihamye zo kwita
kubidukikije no kurengera umutungo kamere, guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere
kimwe n’ibindi bibazo by’ingutu byugarije umubumbe w’isi muri iki gihe. Hari
nk’igabanuka ry’amazi, ibura ry’ibiribwa, ubushyuhe bukabije, ihunga ry’abantu
benshi. Ubu mu isi ibihugu bikennye, ibiri mu nzira y’amajyambere byihaye akato
byagwa mu kaga ko kutumvwa n’ibikize cyangwa ibyateye imbere muri rusange.
Kubana no kwiyunga n’ibindi bihugu mu karere u Rwanda rutuyemo ni ngombwa kuko
bizatuma u Rwanda na rwo rugira ijambo mu micungire y’isi. Ibihugu nka
Tanzaniya, Afrika y’Epfo n’Angola bifite umubano n’ubwumvikane mu miyoborere
by’intanga rugero ku Rwanda. Kandi dushingiye ku mwimerere nyarwanda cyane
cyane ku mwihariko wa rwo mu kugira abaturage bazi gukora n’amateka yabo
y’inyabutatu mu muco no mu migirire, u Rwanda rufite amahirwe menshi yo kubera
ibindi bihugu icyitegererezo no kuba rwatera imbere by’umwihariko muri
politiki, mu muco no mu bukungu ku buryo busesuye.
Uyu mushinga wa politiki y’ishyaka wemejwe tariki
ya 28 Ukuboza 2014 i Buruseli mu Bubiligi
Mu
izina rya Komite Nshingwabikorwa,
Eugène NDAHAYO, Umuyobozi
mukuru
Aho tubarizwa: +32465551485;
inkubiri1@fdunm.com
Icyitonderwa: Uyu mushinga mushobora no kuwusanga mu rurimi rw'Igifaransa n'Icyongereza
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